CMBS - HIV-1

Breaking Barriers in HIV Treatment: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study on the Influence of Adherence on the Success of the Antiretroviral Therapy | October 08, 2024

In the ongoing fight against HIV, one crucial element continues to stand out—adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A groundbreaking ten-year study conducted by researchers from the University of the Immaculate Conception has highlighted how adherence to ART has dramatically improved treatment success rates among HIV-positive individuals in Davao City. The findings offer a beacon of hope, demonstrating that with the proper treatment, patient commitment, and timely intervention, HIV can be effectively managed.

The research team conducted a ten-year retrospective study at the Reproductive Health and Wellness Center (RHWC), Davao City's primary HIV treatment facility. The study focused on 183 treatment-naïve patients who began ART between 2012 and 2021. The primary goal was to investigate how adherence to ART influences the success of the treatment.

Remarkably, the study found that 73.8% of patients who adhered to their ART regimens achieved viral suppression, meaning their viral load dropped to fewer than 50 HIV copies/mL. Achieving this level of suppression significantly reduces the risk of transmission and allows individuals to live healthier lives.

The Key to Success: Early ART Initiation

One of the standout findings was the impact of early ART initiation. Patients who began ART within seven days of their confirmed HIV diagnosis were significantly more likely to adhere to their treatment and reach viral suppression. Patients who started early were 33.9% more likely to adhere, reinforcing the importance of timely intervention.

The type of ART regimen also played a crucial role. The most effective combination, prescribed to 94% of the patients, included two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and one non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). This combination was associated with higher adherence rates and better overall treatment outcomes.

Why Adherence Matters

Adherence to ART isn't just about taking medications regularly—it's about improving health outcomes and preventing the spread of HIV. Patients who strictly adhere to ART can achieve viral suppression, drastically reducing the risk of transmitting the virus to others. This is especially important in the Philippines, where regions like Davao City are still battling high rates of HIV transmission.

This study reinforces the importance of patient education and support for healthcare providers. Encouraging early ART initiation and providing resources to ensure patients can stick to their regimens are key to improving long-term outcomes and reducing the overall impact of HIV.

Moving Forward: What This Means for Davao City
The success of this study has wide-reaching implications for both healthcare professionals and policymakers. With a proven link between adherence and treatment success, efforts must focus on expanding early diagnosis initiatives, improving access to ART, and providing continued patient support. By doing so, Davao City can continue to lead the way in HIV treatment and become a model for other regions battling the epidemic.

As this research highlights, adherence isn't just about medication (it's about changing lives and fostering healthier futures for individuals living with HIV). The findings from this ten-year study provide a powerful reminder that with commitment, support, and early action, HIV treatment can be a success.

Patient-centered care at an HIV clinic offering free testing in Davao City. From Davao HIV cases still rising despite continued awareness campaigns, by G. Tanudtanud, 2024, Mindanao Times. Copyright 2024 by Mindanao Times. Reprinted with permission.

About the Researchers
This study was conducted by a team from the College of Medical and Biological Sciences at the University of the Immaculate Conception, Davao City, authored by R. J. Escartin, R. J. Servillon, J. M. Legarta, S. K. Arriola, P. F. Brahim, D. L. Braza, A. Salva, & A. Hinay, Jr., in collaboration with the Reproductive Health and Wellness Center (RHWC). Their work represents a significant step forward in understanding how ART adherence impacts the lives of HIV-positive individuals in the Philippines.

By highlighting the importance of early intervention and consistent adherence, this research sets the stage for improving HIV care in Davao City and across the country.